Het maken van een eenvoudig index-bestand

Joomla!

3.x

Joomla!

2.5

Het index.php -bestand wordt de kern van elke pagina die Joomla! levert. In wezen, maak je een pagina (zoals een HTML-pagina), maar plaats je S:MyLanguage/PHP/PHP -code waar de inhoud van uw site moet komen. De template werkt door het toevoegen van Joomla code op de module posities en de component sectie van uw sjabloon. Als er iets wordt toegevoegd aan de template, wordt dir weergegeven op alle pagina's, tenzij het is toegevoegd aan een van deze secties via het Joomla CMS (of aangepaste code).

Deze pagina toont de kale code klaar om te knippen en plakken in uw eigen ontwerp.

Begin

Een Joomla template begint met de volgende regels:

<?php defined( '_JEXEC' ) or die( 'Restricted access' );?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
   xml:lang="<?php echo $this->language; ?>" lang="<?php echo $this->language; ?>" >

De eerste lijn stopt ondeugende mensen om naar uw code te kijken en slechte dingen te doen.

The second line is the Document Type Declaration (DOCTYPE), which tells the browser (and web crawlers) which flavor of HTML the page is using. The doctype used above is HTML5, a newer version of HTML that is largely backwards compatible, but contains many new features. You should be aware that this will not work well in Internet Explorer 8 or earlier without a hack. You might want to investigate this situation and your clients' wishes before deciding on which doctype you want to use. However this is used in Joomla and higher.

De derde regel begint ons HTML-document en beschrijft in welke taal de website is. Een html-document is verdeeld in twee delen, head en body. De head bevat de informatie over het document en de body zal website code bevatten waarmee u de lay-out definieert..

Head

<head>
<jdoc:include type="head" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/system/css/system.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/system/css/general.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/<?php echo $this->template; ?>/css/template.css" type="text/css" />
</head>

The first line gets Joomla to put the correct header information in. This includes the page title, meta information as well as system JavaScript. The rest creates links to two system style sheets and to your own style sheet (if it's named template.css and is located in the css folder of your template directory. So if your template is in http://www.mysite.com/templates/my_template/ then the css files will go in http://www.mysite.com/templates/my_template/css/).

Body Section

<body>
<jdoc:include type="modules" name="top" /> 
<jdoc:include type="component" />
<jdoc:include type="modules" name="bottom" />
</body>

Amazingly, this will suffice! Yes, it's a very basic layout, but it will do the job. Everything else will be done by Joomla!. These lines, usually called jdoc statements, tell Joomla to include output from certain parts of the Joomla system. Note: you will need to ensure your menu is set to go into the "top" module position.

Module Positions

Above, the line which says name="top" adds a module position called top and allows Joomla to place modules into this section of the template. The type="component" line contains all articles and main content (actually, the component) and is very important. It goes in the centre of the template.

Note: You can add your own module lines anywhere you want in the body, but you have to add a corresponding line to the templateDetails.xml file which sits alongside the index.php of your template.

End

Finish it off - one last bit:

</html>

Custom Images

If you want to add any images to the template you can do so like this:

<img src="<?php echo $this->baseurl; ?>/templates/<?php echo $this->template; ?>/images/myimage.png" alt="Custom image" class="customImage" />

Here the template variable will fill in the name of your template.

Custom CSS

You can add custom css like this:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/<?php echo $this->template;?>/css/styles.css" type="text/css" />

Every file which is added must have a line in the templateDetails.xml file for the template, unless it resides in a sub-folder (which can be included in a <folder> element).